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But, early in the design process, the "shells" were perceived as a series of parabolas supported by precast concrete ribs. Stage IIThe shells of the competition entry were originally of undefined geometry. The forced early start led to significant later problems, not least of which was the fact that the podium columns were not strong enough to support the roof structure, and had to be re-built. Major structural issues still remained unresolved. However, Utzon had still not completed the final designs. Stage IThe government had pushed for work to begin early, fearing that funding, or public opinion, might turn against them. Stage III (1967-1973) consisted of the interior design and construction. Stage II (1963-1967) saw the construction of the outer shells. Stage I (1959-1963) consisted of building the upper podium.

Significant interior surface treatments also include off-form concrete, Australian white birch plywood supplied from Wauchope in northern New South Wales, and brush box glulam. The shells are covered in a subtle chevron pattern with 1,056,006 glossy white- and matte-cream-coloured Swedish-made tiles from Hoganas AB, a factory that generally produced stoneware tiles for the paper-mill industry.Īpart from the tile of the shells and the glass curtain walls of the foyer spaces, the buildings exterior is largely clad with aggregate panels composed of pink granite quarried at Tarana. The design was one of the first examples of the use of computer-aided design to design complex shapes.Īlthough the roof structures of the Sydney Opera House are commonly referred to as "shells", they are in fact not shells in a strictly structural sense, but are instead precast concrete panels supported by precast concrete ribs. The Sydney Opera House opened the way for the immensely complex geometries of some modern architecture.

It is supported on 588 concrete piers sunk as much as 25 m (82 ft) below sea level. The building covers 1.8 hectares (4.4 acres) of land and is 183 m (600 ft) long and 120 m (394 ft) wide at its widest point. The Sydney Opera House is a modern expressionist design, with a series of large precast concrete "shells", each composed of sections of a sphere, forming the roofs of the structure, set on a monumental podium. This highly controversial project at the time came to define Australia. The Sydney Opera House was designed by Danish Architect Jorn Utzon, after his design won a competition in 1957.